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James W. Stephenson
James W. Stephenson (1806–August 1838) was an American militia officer and politician from the state of Illinois. He was born in Virginia but spent most of his youth in Edwardsville, Illinois. In 1825 he was indicted for the murder of a family acquaintance, but never went to trial. Upon the outbreak of the Black Hawk War in 1832, Stephenson raised a company and saw combat, suffering severe wounds at the Battle of Waddams Grove. After the war ended Stephenson entered public life, and served as a member of the Illinois State Senate in 1834. In December 1837 Stephenson was nominated as the Democratic candidate for Governor of Illinois. Within six months of his nomination, accusations of embezzlement were leveled against him, and he was forced to withdraw from the election. In August 1838, Stephenson died at home of tuberculosis.
== Early life ==
James W. Stephenson was born in Virginia in 1806, the oldest son of Benjamin Stephenson and his wife, Lucy, and was named in honor of his grandfather and uncle.〔 The Stephenson family came to Edwardsville from Kaskaskia in 1816, and in 1820 the family moved into the Benjamin Stephenson House in Edwardsville.〔Henry. "(Inside the Stephenson House - July 8, 2002 )," Henry's Newsletter, Newsletter #11, ''Friends of Col. Benjamin Stephenson House''. Retrieved August 15, 2007.〕〔Henry. "(Inside the Stephenson House - May 22, 2002 )," Henry's Newsletter, Newsletter #11, ''Friends of Col. Benjamin Stephenson House''. Retrieved August 15, 2007.〕
On January 29, 1825, while at the Wiggins Hotel in lower town, area resident Daniel D. Smith was stabbed to death following an argument with James Stephenson, James Henry and Palemon Winchester. Smith was stabbed in the neck; as those present attended to him, he uttered "Winchester" and died.〔Belschner, Julie. "('No one was ever there' So what is behind the footsteps and other strange noises at the Stephenson House in Edwardsville? )," ''Edwardsville Journal'' (Edwardsville, Illinois), October 23, 2003. Retrieved August 15, 2007.〕 Reports in Edwardsville's ''The Spectator'' indicated that Smith was "killed in an affray" at the Stephenson House.〔 James W. Stephenson, James D. Henry and Palemon Winchester were indicted for Smith's murder.〔 All three men were charged with the crime, though only Stephenson and Henry were released on bond.〔
Winchester was the only defendant to face trial on the charges. Winchester's lawyer argued that Smith was guilty of verbal assault against the defendant, and Winchester was found not guilty.〔 The verdict was reported in ''The Spectator'' on March 22, 1825.〔Henry. "(Inside the Stephenson House - November 14, 2002 )," Henry's Newsletter, Newsletter #23, ''Friends of Col. Benjamin Stephenson House''. Retrieved August 15, 2007.〕 In 1828 Stephenson left Edwardsville, and moved to Galena in Jo Daviess County where he made his home for much of the rest of his life.〔
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